Authors : Premprakash M. Thapa

Volume/Issue : Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 7 - July

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/yxpjp8w7

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/ybk76jyz

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24JUL1586

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Many developing countries of the world specially China, South Korea, Taiwan, Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore etc. achieved unprecedented growth in its GDP by changing their foreign trade policy with the help of Export Processing Zones (EPZs), Free Trade Zones (FTZs), Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and many more similar zones with different connotation in their respective countries. Though India was the first in Asia to introduce FTZ in Kandla Gujarat in 1965, it could not achieve a desirable outcome from the objectives set by the government of India. In April 2000, India came up with modification in its earlier EPZ policy to new SEZ policy and later passed an Act called Special Economic Zone Act 2005. This policy paper was adopted and implemented with objective of development of sufficient and high- quality infrastructure by private sector, able to attract considerable amount of foreign investment with advance technology, single window clearance, liberal labour laws, lead to increase not only number of SEZs and its units but also value and volume of export and employment in the country. In this perspective, researchers tried to analyze the trend and composition of SEZ exports from Gujarat state with the help of secondary data from 2010-11 to 2019-20. Despite various efforts by the state government, the share of SEZ exports from Gujarat is relatively decreasing compared to all India SEZ exports as well as overall export from the country. SEZ export from Gujarat is volatile because a huge share of export and import of petroleum products comes from Reliance SEZ Jamnagar alone. Export growth performance of private SEZs compared to government SEZ is also found poor in the last 10 years from 2010-11 to 2019-20.

Keywords : Export, Employment, Investment, Growth, Special Economic Zones.

References :

1. Aggarwal, A. (2006). Special Economic Zones: Revisiting the Policy Debate. Economic & Political Weekly, 41(43/44) 4533-4536. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4418855
2. Chu, D.K. (1987). China’s Special Economic Zones: Expectation and Reality. Asian Affairs, 14(2), 77-89. Retrieved from   http://www.jstor.org/stable/30172035
3. Controller & Auditor General, Govt. of India, (2014). Performance of Special Economic Zones. New Delhi: Government of India.
4. Das, G. (2009). Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. New Delhi: New Century Publication.
5. EXIM Bank of India, (2000). Export Processing Zones in Selecting Countries: Critical Success Factors. Occasional Paper No. 74. New Delhi. Quest Publication.
6. Govilkar, V.M. (2008). Special Economic Zones: does the Act Ensure What the Policy Intends? The Charted Accounts, 1917-1921.
7. Jing-dong, Yuan., & Lorraine, E. (1992). Exports in Asia: A Comparative Study of Export Processing Zones. Asian Survey, 32(11) 1026-1045. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2643269
8. Mukhopadhya, P. & Pradhan, K.C. (2009). “Location of SEZs and Policy Benefits: What does the Data Say?”  New Delhi, Centre for Policy Research.
9. Phillips, D.R., & Yeh, A.G. (1983). China Experiment with Modernization: The Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. Geography, 289-300. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40570723.
10. Padhi, S.P. (2015). An evaluation of Indian Manufacturing Export Performance. Foreign Trade Review, IIFT, 50(1) 41-52. Retrieved from http://ftr.sagepub.com/10.1177/0015732515589442
11. Ranjan, R.K. (2006). Special Economic Zones: Are they Good for the Country? Working Paper No. 156 New Delhi: Centre for Civil Society.
12. Sahoo, P. (2015). Time to Review the Special Economic Zone Act. Economic & Political Weekly, 50(14) 23-26.
13. Tantri, M.L. (2010). Import Dependency of Special Economic Zones. Economic & Political Weekly, 45(36) 26-31. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/ iproxy.inflibnet.ac.in:2048/stable/pdf/25742040pdf
14. Tantri, M. (2014). Promises and Paradoxes of SEZs Expansions in India. Bangalore: Working Paper No. 331, Institute of Social and Economic Change. Retrieved from http://203.200.22.49:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13432.
15. Wong, K.Y.,& Chu, D.K. (1984). Export Processing Zones and Special Economic Zones as Generator of Economic Development: The Asian Experience. Geographiska Annaler, Series Human Geography, 1-6. Retrieved from http://jstor.org/stable/1490524

16. http://www.ic.gujarat.gov.in
17. http://www.sezindia.in/gov.nic.in.
18. http://www.kasez.gov.in.