Authors : Dr. J. G. Vagadiya; Dr. Bhargav Trivedi; Dr. Disha Padhi; Dr. Harpal Gadhvi

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 8 - August

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/4tfp6xkj

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26aug1300

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Abstract : Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly known as Wegener’s granulomatosis, is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis that primarily affects the respiratory tract and kidneys, while gastrointestinal involvement is uncommon. We report a rare case of gastrointestinal perforation as a complication of GPA. The patient presented with acute abdominal pain and features of generalized peritonitis, and imaging revealed hollow-viscus perforation. Emergency exploratory laparotomy was performed, which identified intestinal perforation requiring resection and appropriate surgical management. Histopathological examination demonstrated features consistent with vasculitic involvement. Gastrointestinal manifestations of GPA may include abdominal pain, ulceration, bleeding, ischemia, obstruction, and perforation, with perforation being a rare but potentially fatal complication. Early recognition of gastrointestinal involvement, prompt surgical intervention when indicated, and appropriate immunosuppressive therapy are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. This case highlights the importance of considering GPA as an underlying cause of gastrointestinal perforation, particularly in patients with known or suspected systemic vasculitis.

Keywords : Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Wegener’s Granulomatosis; Gastrointestinal Perforation; Intestinal Perforation; Systemic Vasculitis; ANCA-Associated Vasculitis; Acute Abdomen; Bowel Ischemia.

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