Authors :
Bhumit Saxena
Volume/Issue :
Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 8 - August
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/krraj6zs
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/tt2b8uye
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25aug929
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Note : Google Scholar may take 30 to 40 days to display the article.
Abstract :
The steering efforts significantly influences vehicle handling and driver comfort, making it a critical parameter in
automotive design. This research focuses on analyzing and optimizing steering effort in both mechanical and hydraulic
power steering systems. The study investigates the relationship between steering effort and factors such as vehicle speed,
steering angle, and axle load. Emphasis is placed on differentiating the effort required during low-speed maneuvers, such as
parking, versus high-speed driving conditions. Mechanical steering systems are assessed in terms of direct driver input and
torque requirements, while hydraulic systems are evaluated for their assistance mechanism through pumps and fluid
pressure. Experimental and simulation-based methodologies are used to quantify steering effort, followed by optimization
strategies to reduce physical demand on the driver without compromising steering feel or vehicle control. The results
highlight the advantages and limitations of each system, offering insights into design improvements for enhanced
performance and driver ergonomics.
Keywords :
Steering Effort, Mechanical Steering, Hydraulic Power Steering, Torque Optimization, Vehicle Dynamics.
References :
- Joseph E. Shigley and John J. Dicker, 2003.
- Theory of Machine and Mechanisms”, Oxford University Press, 41-67 Synthesis and Optimization of Steering Mechanism of Extra-Long Semi-Trailer Vehicle, ScienceDirect.
- Jin Yao, 2001. “The Kinematic Synthesis of Steering Mechanisms.
- AIS-053, 2005. “Automotive Vehicles types terminology”, Page 5-6.
- Wikipedia.
- Steering System report 2016 of Team Ojaswat (ojaswat.com) Formula 3 car racing team.
- http://www.rctek.com/technical/handling/ackerman_steering_ principle.html.
The steering efforts significantly influences vehicle handling and driver comfort, making it a critical parameter in
automotive design. This research focuses on analyzing and optimizing steering effort in both mechanical and hydraulic
power steering systems. The study investigates the relationship between steering effort and factors such as vehicle speed,
steering angle, and axle load. Emphasis is placed on differentiating the effort required during low-speed maneuvers, such as
parking, versus high-speed driving conditions. Mechanical steering systems are assessed in terms of direct driver input and
torque requirements, while hydraulic systems are evaluated for their assistance mechanism through pumps and fluid
pressure. Experimental and simulation-based methodologies are used to quantify steering effort, followed by optimization
strategies to reduce physical demand on the driver without compromising steering feel or vehicle control. The results
highlight the advantages and limitations of each system, offering insights into design improvements for enhanced
performance and driver ergonomics.
Keywords :
Steering Effort, Mechanical Steering, Hydraulic Power Steering, Torque Optimization, Vehicle Dynamics.
