Authors : Oriakpolor John Idemudia; Ruth C. Wali-Essien

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 2 - February

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26feb842

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Abstract : This study examined the effects of street hawking on child’s learning outcomes among government primary school pupils in Zuba District of Gwagwalada Area Council, FCT, Abuja. Employing a survey research design, the study sampled 377 pupils and 7 teachers from a population of 7,467 pupils and 133 teachers, using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample determination table. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentage) and Chi-Square statistical technique at the 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that poverty and economic hardship are the major drivers of child street hawking in Zuba District of Gwagwalada Area Council, FCT, Abuja. The practice results in accidents, harassment, exploitation, and abuse, and significantly contributes to lateness, absenteeism, fatigue, and poor academic performance. The null hypothesis (H₀: Street hawking has no significant effect on academic performance) was rejected, confirming a statistically significant negative relationship. The study recommends implementing government support for poor families, school feeding, scholarships, and strict enforcement of child protection laws to curb the practice.

Keywords : Street Hawking, Child Labour, Learning Outcomes, and Academic Performance.

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