Authors : Bosco Ekka; Dr. G. Albin Joseph

Volume/Issue : Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 2 - February

Google Scholar : http://tinyurl.com/mr38su2w

Scribd : http://tinyurl.com/38rhkac8

DOI : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10696438

Abstract : India’s tea industry boasts a rich history and significant economic contribution, yet tea garden communities often face social and environmental challenges. This review examines sustainable development initiatives aimed at improving the lives of these communities while ensuring the industry’s long-term viability. Background: Over 2 million tribal and marginalized individuals reside in India’s tea gardens, facing issues like poor housing, healthcare, education, and land rights. Unsustainable practices also threaten the environment and community livelihoods. Purpose: This review critically analyses existing research on sustainable development initiatives in Indian tea gardens, identifying best practices, knowledge gaps, and recommendations for future action. Review Methodology: A systematic search of academic databases, reports, and policy documents identified relevant research published between 2010 and 2024. Studies were included based on their focus on social, economic, and environmental sustainability within Indian tea garden communities. Qualitative and thematic analysis was conducted to synthesize findings and draw conclusions. Findings: Initiatives across various domains were reviewed, including fair trade certification, organic farming practices, ecotourism development, microfinance schemes, and education programs. While some initiatives demonstrated positive impacts on income, health, and environmental quality, challenges including inadequate funding, market access limitations, and community participation barriers were identified. Discussion: The review highlights the need for holistic approaches that integrate social, economic, and environmental considerations. Empowering communities through participatory decision-making and capacity building is crucial for long-term sustainability. Additionally, addressing gender inequalities and land rights issues remains critical. Recommendations: Scaling up successful initiatives, enhancing market access for sustainable tea products, and strengthening multi-stakeholder partnerships are vital. Further research is needed to assess the long-term impacts of existing initiatives and explore innovative solutions for addressing remaining challenges. Conclusion: Sustainable development in Indian tea gardens requires concerted efforts from diverse stakeholders. This review provides valuable insights for policymakers, industry actors, NGOs, and researchers to navigate the complex path towards a more just and sustainable future for these communities.

Keywords : Sustainable Development, Tea Gardens, India, Community Development, Fair Trade, Organic Agriculture, Ecotourism, Microfinance, Education, Gender, Land Rights.