Education is a broad and essential subject that cannot be effectively discussed in a little amount of space. The amount of data maintained in educational databases has grown considerably in recent years. The database contains confidential information regarding the academic and behavioral progression of students. In educational settings, the potential to identify student performance in learning is much important. Educational Data Mining (EDM) is considered as the developed research area along with the computational and psychological methods for predicting the students’ achievements. EDM entails in evaluating the student data in order to identify hidden student knowledge. Unbalanced datasets are one of the most critical issues influencing the performance of classifiers. It is a significant challenge in the EDM domain that contributes to inaccurate outcomes. Recently, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approaches are generally developed for tracking and predicting student achievements by considering different aspects like student’s academic achievement data, personal data , behavior data etc., Predicting student outcomes with ML and DL methods emphasizes on inferring information from student achievements data which helps to comprehend the students' affinity on learning, adjusting to new challenges or subjects, and accomplishing the challenges or activities appropriately. This paper provides a comprehensive review on various ML and DL frameworks designed to track and predict student achievements using an online educational dataset with various student observation variables. Initially, various frameworks for predicting student performance based on ML and DL algorithms that have been developed by numerous researchers are examined in detail. Then, a comparative analysis is performed to comprehend the shortcomings of these frameworks and to provide a new solution to effectively predict the students' achievements

Keywords : Educational Data Mining, Student Achievements Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Online Courses