Authors : J. C. Bucumi; S. Nimubona; F. Ihbibane; I. Ouggane; H. Badi; M. Sodqi; A. Oulad Lahsen; L. Marih

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 12 - December

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/ymm578mj

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/czsndt4x

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25dec374

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Abstract : Genitourinary tuberculosis is the second most common extrapulmonary manifestation after lymph node involvement, but testicular tuberculosis remains a rare entity, representing less than 3% of cases [1]. In patients living with HIV, atypical extrapulmonary forms are particularly frequent [2]. We report a case of isolated testicular tuberculosis revealing HIV infection in a 58-year-old man with no significant past medical history. He presented with a painless swelling of the left testicle that had been developing for three months, associated with a weight loss of 5 kg/month and asthenia. Testicular ultrasound revealed a heterogeneous intratesticular lesion suspicious for a tumor. Chest examinations were normal, the CRP was negative, and the complete blood count showed lymphopenia (800/μL). The GenXpert sputum smear for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was negative. An orchiectomy was performed; histological analysis revealed caseous- follicular granulomatosis typical of tuberculosis, without malignancy. This case illustrates the diagnostic difficulty, the ability of testicular tuberculosis to mimic cancer, and the necessity of systematic HIV screening in any case of atypical extrapulmonary involvement.

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