Authors :
Ifeyinwa L Nwankwo; Tamunoene K S Abam
Volume/Issue :
Volume 8 - 2023, Issue 3 - March
Google Scholar :
https://bit.ly/3TmGbDi
Scribd :
https://bit.ly/40XxLEv
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7889126
Abstract :
The concentration level and distribution of
Cadmium (Cd) were determined from hydrocarbon
remediated soil and sediment samples in some parts of
the Niger Delta. The results from the descriptive
analysis, geo-accummulation index (Igeo) and
comparison with guideline values were interpretated as
having high potential threat to the environment and
human health; the concentration level of Cadmium in
the remediated soil and remained higher than the target
value of 0.8mg/kg given by the Department of Petroleum
Resources (DPR) in the Environmental Guidelines and
Standards for Petroleum Industry in Nigeria
(EGASPIN) and the World Health Organization (WHO)
guideline of 0.003mg/kg. the mean Cadmium
concentration values were as high as 50.5mg/kg and
7.29mg/kg in soil and sediment, respectively. Of the
topsoil evaluated, 25% of the sample data have most of
its Cd concentration values about 2 to 13 times greater
than the 0.8mg/kg target value and more than 100%
greater than WHO guideline value of 0.003mg/kg.
Comparable high concentration values were observed in
the median and upper quartile having 50% and 75% of
the data, respectively. The acidity of most of the
remediated sites evaluated showed low pH values (<5.6)
below Food and Agricultural Organization of the United
Nation’s guideline for pH in soil which is known to
encourage Cd accumulation and availability in soil and
sediment. The study showed the widespread distribution
of anomalous concentration levels of Cadmium in soil
and sediment studied which deviates from the average
geogenic concentration level of Cadmium in the
environment. The result of this work serves as an
important call for environmental and public health
attention which should include comprehensive hazard
assessment due to the observed high cadmium
concentration levels and widespread distribution in the
area under investigation which were already certified as
remediated. And recommend further studies on
modelling the transport, retention and accumulation of
Cd in the soil, sediment and water in the Niger Delta.
Keywords :
Contamination, Soil, Cadmium, Spatial distribution, Concentration.
The concentration level and distribution of
Cadmium (Cd) were determined from hydrocarbon
remediated soil and sediment samples in some parts of
the Niger Delta. The results from the descriptive
analysis, geo-accummulation index (Igeo) and
comparison with guideline values were interpretated as
having high potential threat to the environment and
human health; the concentration level of Cadmium in
the remediated soil and remained higher than the target
value of 0.8mg/kg given by the Department of Petroleum
Resources (DPR) in the Environmental Guidelines and
Standards for Petroleum Industry in Nigeria
(EGASPIN) and the World Health Organization (WHO)
guideline of 0.003mg/kg. the mean Cadmium
concentration values were as high as 50.5mg/kg and
7.29mg/kg in soil and sediment, respectively. Of the
topsoil evaluated, 25% of the sample data have most of
its Cd concentration values about 2 to 13 times greater
than the 0.8mg/kg target value and more than 100%
greater than WHO guideline value of 0.003mg/kg.
Comparable high concentration values were observed in
the median and upper quartile having 50% and 75% of
the data, respectively. The acidity of most of the
remediated sites evaluated showed low pH values (<5.6)
below Food and Agricultural Organization of the United
Nation’s guideline for pH in soil which is known to
encourage Cd accumulation and availability in soil and
sediment. The study showed the widespread distribution
of anomalous concentration levels of Cadmium in soil
and sediment studied which deviates from the average
geogenic concentration level of Cadmium in the
environment. The result of this work serves as an
important call for environmental and public health
attention which should include comprehensive hazard
assessment due to the observed high cadmium
concentration levels and widespread distribution in the
area under investigation which were already certified as
remediated. And recommend further studies on
modelling the transport, retention and accumulation of
Cd in the soil, sediment and water in the Niger Delta.
Keywords :
Contamination, Soil, Cadmium, Spatial distribution, Concentration.
