Authors : Dolce S. Cerezo; Annie L. Legaspi; Vinajoe D. Salvador; Florenz B. Frondozo; Hannah Lizette C. Eva

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 2 - February

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/2ux9dd8f

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/pprdx6my

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25feb1530

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Abstract : Maternal health outcomes remain a major public health concern in developing countries, including the Philippines. Social determinants of health (SDOH) such as socioeconomic status, education, access to healthcare services, housing conditions, food security, and social support significantly influence maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study examined the impact of social determinants of health on maternal health outcomes among primigravida women in Region IV-A (CALABARZON), Philippines. A mixed-methods research design was employed involving a cross-sectional survey and semi-structured interviews. A total of 150 primigravida women receiving prenatal care from selected government hospitals and rural health units in CALABARZON participated in the quantitative component, while 18 participants were purposively selected for qualitative interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis, while qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Results revealed that socioeconomic status (β = 0.41, p < 0.01), access to prenatal healthcare services (β = 0.36, p < 0.01), and social support (β = 0.29, p < 0.05) were significant predictors of positive maternal health outcomes. Women with stable income, regular prenatal checkups, and strong family support experienced fewer complications such as gestational hypertension, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Qualitative findings further revealed themes including barriers to healthcare access, financial constraints during pregnancy, and the importance of family and community support. The findings highlight the critical role of social determinants in shaping maternal health outcomes among primigravida women. Strengthening community-based maternal health programs, improving access to prenatal services, and integrating SDOH screening in maternal healthcare are recommended to reduce maternal health disparities in the region.

Keywords : Social Determinants of Health, Maternal Health Outcomes, Primigravida, Prenatal Care, CALABARZON

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