Authors : Celine Murekatete; Vinsam Ouko

Volume/Issue : Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 9 - September

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/27nzebmf

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/4yzd6azp

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24SEP467

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) remained a significant public health challenge globally, including in Gasabo District, Rwanda. Vaccination programs, particularly Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination, played a crucial role in TB prevention. This study aimed to assess the impact of vaccination programs on TB prevention in Gasabo District, Rwanda, by analyzing vaccination coverage, TB incidence rates, demographic characteristics, and healthcare system factors.  Methods A retrospective cohort study design was employed, utilizing secondary data sources from healthcare facilities in Gasabo District. Data on vaccination coverage, TB incidence rates, demographic characteristics, and healthcare system factors were collected and analyzed. Statistical methods, including regression analysis and descriptive statistics, were used to assess the association between vaccination programs and TB prevention outcomes.  Findings The study found a significant association between BCG vaccination coverage and lower TB incidence rates in Gasabo District. Higher vaccination coverage was associated with reduced TB incidence rates, particularly among children. However, challenges such as incomplete vaccination data, potential confounding factors, and socio-economic disparities were identified. Despite these challenges, vaccination programs were found to be effective in reducing TB transmission and protecting vulnerable populations from TB infection.  Conclusion The findings highlighted the importance of vaccination programs in TB prevention efforts in Gasabo District, Rwanda. Strengthening vaccination coverage, enhancing healthcare system capacity, addressing socio-economic determinants, fostering collaborations, promoting research and innovation, and strengthening surveillance and monitoring systems are essential for optimizing TB prevention efforts. By implementing these recommendations, we can accelerate progress towards ending the TB epidemic and improving public health outcomes in Gasabo District and beyond.

Keywords : Tuberculosis, Vaccination programs, Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), Prevention, Gasabo District, Rwanda.

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