The Role of Iran–China Cultural Relations in Developing Post-COVID Tourism Collaboration


Authors : Sina Mahmudi

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 1 - January


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/4bmzf5sa

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/58mf4mu3

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26jan668

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.


Abstract : The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global tourism networks, exposing vulnerabilities but also opening opportunities for renewed international cooperation based on cultural exchange. This paper examines the evolving cultural relations between Iran and China and their potential to foster sustainable tourism recovery in the post-pandemic era. Drawing upon academic literature, policy reports, and institutional data, the study analyzes how shared civilizational heritage, cultural diplomacy, and modern initiatives such as the Belt and Road framework can enhance bilateral tourism. Findings reveal that cultural diplomacy acts as a soft-power mechanism that rebuilds trust, enhances destination image, and creates long-term partnerships. Iran’s cultural assets, its Silk Road legacy, UNESCO-listed heritage, and traditions of hospitality, complement China’s outbound travel market and technological advancement. However, barriers such as visa restrictions, flight connectivity, and limited marketing still hinder progress. The study proposes a policy roadmap focused on visa facilitation, joint governance, digital diplomacy, product adaptation, and data measurement. By embedding culture into tourism policy and adopting evidence-based management, Iran and China can transform their historical friendship into a model of resilient, inclusive, and mutually beneficial post-COVID cooperation.

Keywords : Iran–China Relations, Cultural Tourism, Soft Power, Belt and Road Initiative, Post-COVID Recovery, Cultural Diplomacy.

References :

  1. United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). (2023). Tourism and COVID-19 Recovery Report. Madrid: UNWTO.
  2. Sigala, M. (2020). Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research. Journal of Business Research, 117, 312–321.
  3. UNESCO. (2022). The Silk Roads Programme and Sustainable Cultural Development. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
  4. Li, X., & Wang, J. (2021). Cultural diplomacy and the Belt and Road Initiative: Building global partnerships through tourism. Journal of China Tourism Research, 17(2), 145–162.
  5. Nye, J. S. (2004). Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. PublicAffairs.
  6. Ghasemi, A., & Asadi, M. (2021). Cultural diplomacy in Iran’s foreign policy: A strategic perspective. Journal of Middle Eastern Policy Studies, 9(3), 55–73.
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  8. Hall, D., & Richards, G. (2000). Tourism and Sustainable Community Development. Routledge.
  9. Ghasemi, A., & Zhang, L. (2023). Iran–China cultural cooperation in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative. Asian Journal of Cultural Studies, 11(1), 22–35.
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  11. Chen, L., & Huang, Y. (2021). Digital transformation and innovation in China’s tourism industry. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 26(5), 450–463.
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  14. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2023). Tourism Trends and Policies 2023. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  15. Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts of Iran (MCHTH). (2023). Iran’s Tourism Report: Post-COVID Revitalization Strategies. Tehran: MCHTH.
  16. China National Tourism Administration (CNTA). (2023). Annual Report on Chinese Outbound Tourism 2023. Beijing: CNTA Press.
  17. Sharifi, M., & Eftekhari, A. (2020). Post-pandemic challenges and opportunities for Iran’s tourism sector. Iranian Journal of Tourism Studies, 8(2), 88–104.
  18. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) & UNWTO. (2021). Tourism for Sustainable Development Goals – Good Practices. Madrid: UNWTO Publishing.
  19. Hosseini, M., & Karimi, S. (2024). Tourism diplomacy and Iran’s strategic engagement with East Asia. Journal of International Relations and Cultural Policy, 12(1), 15–31.

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global tourism networks, exposing vulnerabilities but also opening opportunities for renewed international cooperation based on cultural exchange. This paper examines the evolving cultural relations between Iran and China and their potential to foster sustainable tourism recovery in the post-pandemic era. Drawing upon academic literature, policy reports, and institutional data, the study analyzes how shared civilizational heritage, cultural diplomacy, and modern initiatives such as the Belt and Road framework can enhance bilateral tourism. Findings reveal that cultural diplomacy acts as a soft-power mechanism that rebuilds trust, enhances destination image, and creates long-term partnerships. Iran’s cultural assets, its Silk Road legacy, UNESCO-listed heritage, and traditions of hospitality, complement China’s outbound travel market and technological advancement. However, barriers such as visa restrictions, flight connectivity, and limited marketing still hinder progress. The study proposes a policy roadmap focused on visa facilitation, joint governance, digital diplomacy, product adaptation, and data measurement. By embedding culture into tourism policy and adopting evidence-based management, Iran and China can transform their historical friendship into a model of resilient, inclusive, and mutually beneficial post-COVID cooperation.

Keywords : Iran–China Relations, Cultural Tourism, Soft Power, Belt and Road Initiative, Post-COVID Recovery, Cultural Diplomacy.

Paper Submission Last Date
28 - February - 2026

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