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To Study the Relationship of Nasal Flora in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study


Authors : Dr. Pankaj Kotiya; Dr. Navin Agrawal; Dr. Chhavi Agrawal; Dr. Ajinkya Raverkar; Dr. Sadashiv Parikh; Dr. Kabir Bagga; Dr. Isha Shrivastava; Dr. Abha Singh

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 6 - June


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/55zpxncv

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/3bj9ftda

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26jun1638

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.


Abstract : Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a typical IgE-mediated inflammatory disorder affecting a substantial proportion of the global population. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in nasal microbiota may influence disease pathogenesis and severity.  Objective To evaluate the nasal flora in patients with allergic rhinitis, compare it along with the healthy individuals, and also evaluate the relationship between serum IgE levels and allergic rhinitis.  Method A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Index Medical College, Indore, India, from July 2023 to January 2025. 100 patients with clinically diagnosed allergic rhinitis and elevated serum IgE levels were included, along with 100 healthy controls. Nasal swabs were collected from the nasal vestibule, inferior turbinate, and middle meatus using aseptic techniques. Samples were processed for Gram staining and bacterial culture. Serum IgE values were estimated in all the participants. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0.

Keywords : Allergic Rhinitis, Nasal Microbiota, Nasal Flora, Serum IgE, Staphylococcus Aureus, Dysbiosis.

References :

  1. Bai J, Tan BK. B lineage cells and IgE in allergic rhinitis and CRSwNP, and the role of omalizumab treatment. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2023;37(2):182-192.
  2. Nur Husna SM, Tan HT, Md Shukri N, Mohd Ashari NS, Wong KK. Allergic rhinitis: a clinical and pathophysiological overview. Front Med. 2022;9:874114.
  3. Savouré M, Bousquet J, Jaakkola JJ, Jaakkola MS, Jacquemin B, Nadif R. Worldwide prevalence of rhinitis in adults: a review of definitions and temporal evolution. Clin Transl Allergy. 2022;12:e12134.
  4. Clausen ML, et al. The nasal microbiome in allergic rhinitis. Allergy. 2016;71(11):1597-1605.
  5. Sze MA, Dimitriu PA, Hayashi S, et al. The microbiome in allergic airway diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018;197(4):430-441.
  6. Greisner WA, et al. Alterations in nasal microbiota in allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;135(2):AB211.
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  8. Zajac AE, et al. The role of probiotics in allergic rhinitis: a systematic review. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015;5(6):524-532.
  9. Bachert C, et al. Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins and allergic disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;122(1):13-22.
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Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a typical IgE-mediated inflammatory disorder affecting a substantial proportion of the global population. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in nasal microbiota may influence disease pathogenesis and severity.  Objective To evaluate the nasal flora in patients with allergic rhinitis, compare it along with the healthy individuals, and also evaluate the relationship between serum IgE levels and allergic rhinitis.  Method A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Index Medical College, Indore, India, from July 2023 to January 2025. 100 patients with clinically diagnosed allergic rhinitis and elevated serum IgE levels were included, along with 100 healthy controls. Nasal swabs were collected from the nasal vestibule, inferior turbinate, and middle meatus using aseptic techniques. Samples were processed for Gram staining and bacterial culture. Serum IgE values were estimated in all the participants. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0.

Keywords : Allergic Rhinitis, Nasal Microbiota, Nasal Flora, Serum IgE, Staphylococcus Aureus, Dysbiosis.

Paper Submission Last Date
31 - July - 2026

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