Authors :
Kabuye Enock; Nankanja Evelyn; Fredrick William Mukalazi; Kayenga Tendo Joshua
Volume/Issue :
Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 7 - July
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/ymv4h8j2
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26jul1802
Note : A published paper may take 4-5
working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and
ResearchGate.
Abstract :
Farming is the practice involving land cultivation and livestock rearing. It contributes significantly to Uganda’s
economy and to the survival of the people therein. However, the annual income of farmers is affected by the reduction in
quantity and quality of crop yields due to infestation from pests and animals. As a way to curb these effects, scarecrows have
been developed and living labor has been deployed to frighten the pests especially birds however, these methods are not
reliable. In this project, an automatic ultrasonic bird and rodent deterring system that utilizes motion detection sensors and
ultrasonic speakers to deter birds and rodents from the farm was designed and modeled. The Passive Infrared (PIR) sensors
detect motion from the pests and send a signal to the Adruino Uno microcontroller which activates the motor to rotate and
the ultrasonic speakers to give off ultrasonic sound simultaneously. This sound is above the hearing range of humans i.e. it
is inaudible to humans but audible to pests thereby reducing noise pollution. The prototype was able to detect the presence
of a laboratory rat in the testing stage and give off ultrasonic sound in response. However, we faced a major challenge of
maintaining a controlled environment to minimize external factors from influencing the rat’s behavior and response to the
prototype. There is hope that if the system is deployed by farmers, it could significantly increase farm yields and economic
benefits for farmers. The system’s effectiveness in deterring the rodents and birds could also reduce the need for pesticides
and other harmful chemicals, promoting a more sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to pest control. While
installing this system on the farm, we recommend for the metallic stand to be adjustable in height so that it can be used in
all stages of growth of the plants.
Keywords :
Ultrasonic Speaker, PIR Sensor, Microcontroller, Birds and Rodents.
References :
- Uganda national rice development strategy (unrds) 2, 2009.
- O. R. Wilfred and L. Consultant, WITH SASAKAWA AFRICA ASSOCIATION UGANDA FINAL SURVEY REPORT ON THE STATUS OF RICE PRODUCTION , PROCESSING AND MAR-KETING IN UGANDA BY SUBMITED TO THE EMBASSY OF JAPAN IN UGANDA THROUGH JICA AND SASAKAWA AFRICA ASSOCIATION-UGANDA, 2006.
- M. Francisco and A. Science, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN AUTOMATIC BIRD. 2019.
- N. Kulkarni, Fabrication of Solar Powered Bird Scarer, vol. 8, no. 7 , pp. 3035, 2021.
- T. W. Seamans and A. Gosser, Bird Dispersal Techniques, no. August, pp. 112, 2016.
- O. State and U. Y. Extension, Nonlethal Bird Deterrent Strategies, no. September, 2020.
- P. Rivadeneira, S. Kross, N. Navarro-gonzalez, U. B. Loire, and M. Jayrussell, A Review of Bird Deterrents Used in Agriculture, pp. 218223.
- D. Gradolewski et al., Comprehensive Bird Preservation at Wind Farms, pp. 135, 2021.
- A. Klodd, J. Loegering, and M. Clark, Comparing Bird Management Tactics for Vineyards and Berry Crops, 2021.
- A. Muminov and Y. C. Jeon, Development of a Solar Powered Bird Repeller System with Effective Bird Scarer Sounds.
- A. M. Edt, PIR Motion Sensor, 2023.
Farming is the practice involving land cultivation and livestock rearing. It contributes significantly to Uganda’s
economy and to the survival of the people therein. However, the annual income of farmers is affected by the reduction in
quantity and quality of crop yields due to infestation from pests and animals. As a way to curb these effects, scarecrows have
been developed and living labor has been deployed to frighten the pests especially birds however, these methods are not
reliable. In this project, an automatic ultrasonic bird and rodent deterring system that utilizes motion detection sensors and
ultrasonic speakers to deter birds and rodents from the farm was designed and modeled. The Passive Infrared (PIR) sensors
detect motion from the pests and send a signal to the Adruino Uno microcontroller which activates the motor to rotate and
the ultrasonic speakers to give off ultrasonic sound simultaneously. This sound is above the hearing range of humans i.e. it
is inaudible to humans but audible to pests thereby reducing noise pollution. The prototype was able to detect the presence
of a laboratory rat in the testing stage and give off ultrasonic sound in response. However, we faced a major challenge of
maintaining a controlled environment to minimize external factors from influencing the rat’s behavior and response to the
prototype. There is hope that if the system is deployed by farmers, it could significantly increase farm yields and economic
benefits for farmers. The system’s effectiveness in deterring the rodents and birds could also reduce the need for pesticides
and other harmful chemicals, promoting a more sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to pest control. While
installing this system on the farm, we recommend for the metallic stand to be adjustable in height so that it can be used in
all stages of growth of the plants.
Keywords :
Ultrasonic Speaker, PIR Sensor, Microcontroller, Birds and Rodents.
