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Intervening in Built Religious Heritage in Response to Contemporary Requirements: A Literature Review on the Typology of Heritage Interventions and Analysis of Selected Reference Projects


Authors : Atangana Ndi Abé Léopold Simone; Elhadj Brahim Abakar; Dan Akam; Bwemba Charles; Ndongo Jean-Christophe; Fokam Idriss

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 9 - September


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/4pa9vtc3

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26sep612

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.


Abstract : Built religious heritage is part of the architectural and cultural memory of territories. Its conservation must today respond to changing uses, safety, accessibility and comfort requirements, as well as changes affecting religious practices and social life. The issue is therefore no longer limited to preserving the material characteristics of an old building, but also involves determining how it can evolve so that it can continue to be used without losing the values attributed to it. This article presents a literature review of the different ways of intervening in built religious heritage when it must respond to contemporary requirements. The review first examines the notion of built heritage and the main requirements that may influence its evolution. It then considers several existing forms of heritage intervention and compares a number of reference projects. The review shows that these interventions do not rely on a single solution. Choices depend in particular on the condition of the building, its heritage characteristics, its uses and the constraints it must address. Adaptation therefore requires a balance between the preservation of the existing building and the transformations necessary to maintain its use. The state of the art nevertheless reveals several limitations. Research often focuses on the religious building considered individually, whereas some buildings form part of larger complexes comprising other buildings and outdoor spaces. In addition, many of the interventions examined concern built religious heritage that is no longer in active use. Furthermore, the literature reviewed appears to be more strongly structured around urban and, to a lesser extent, rural contexts, while intermediate situations, particularly semi-rural territories undergoing transformation, are less clearly documented.

Keywords : Built Heritage; Religious Heritage; Heritage Intervention; Restoration; Rehabilitation; Adaptation; Contemporary Requirements; Architecture.

References :

  1. ICOMOS. (1964). Charte internationale sur la conservation et la restauration des monuments et des sites (Charte de Venise). Venise.
  2. UNESCO. (1972). Convention concernant la protection du patrimoine mondial, culturel et naturel. Paris : UNESCO.
  3. UNESCO. (2003). Convention pour la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel immatériel. Paris : UNESCO.
  4. POLI, Tullio. (2005). « Valeurs immatérielles en développement et structure de l'espace : la réforme liturgique du Concile Vatican II et les églises catholiques ». In 14th ICOMOS General Assembly and International Symposium: Place, memory, meaning: preserving intangible values in monuments and sites. Paris : ICOMOS.
  5. Xavier RENARD (2008), Les mots de la religion chrétienne, Paris, Berlin, p.376.
  6. ÉGLISE CATHOLIQUE. (1983). Code de droit canonique. Canons 515 §1, 1214-1222. Promulgué par Jean-Paul II le 25 janvier 1983.
  7. CONCILE       ŒCUMÉNIQUE                    VATICAN     II.            (1963). Constitution sur la sainte liturgie Sacrosanctum Concilium, §123. Vatican, 4 décembre 1963
  8. VITRUVE. De architectura (De l’architecture), Livre I, chap. 3
  9. THEFO, Stéphane. (2012). La sécurisation du patrimoine d’intérêt religieux. Paris : UNESCO, coll. « Guide sur la protection du patrimoine culturel », n° 6, 50 p. ISBN 978-92-3-001074-4.
  10. ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANTÉ. (2018). Lignes directrices relatives au bruit dans l'environnement dans la Région européenne. Copenhague : Bureau régional de l'OMS pour l'Europe.
  11. ICOMOS. (2010). Religious Heritage. Session consacrée au patrimoine religieux, Symposium scientifique de l'ICOMOS, Dublin.
  1. MINISTÈRE DE LA CULTURE. (2024). Notre-Dame de Paris : le chantier de restauration. Paris : Ministère de la Culture.
  2. CREBA. (2022). Charte de la réhabilitation responsable du bâti ancien. Centre de Ressources pour la Réhabilitation responsable du Bâti Ancien, 19 p.
  3. MARCHAL, Tony. (2014). Le patrimoine bâti ancien : préservation, connaissance, diagnostic, restauration. Maisons Paysannes de France. Architecte honoraire, ingénieur civil des Ponts et Chaussées, formateur au Pôle de Formation de Maisons Paysannes de France.
  4. UNESCO. (s.d.). Ville hanséatique de Lübeck. Centre du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO.
  5. ST. MARIEN ZU LÜBECK. (s. d.). History of St. Marien. Lübeck. [Consulté en septembre 2026].
  6. GESCOD. (2017). Akono, Cameroun : valorisation & développement. Grand Est Solidarités & Coopérations pour le développement
  7. AGENCE  NATIONALE  DE  LA  COHÉSION  DES TERRITOIRES (ANCT). (2021). Forum des solutions : Tourcoing – Reconversion de l’église Saint-Louis.
  8. PURCELL. (s. d.). St Paul’s Cathedral. London : Purcell. Projet de conservation et de restauration de la cathédrale Saint-Paul.
  9. ÉGLISE CATHOLIQUE ROMAINE DE GENÈVE. (2021). « Des cendres du Sacré-Cœur surgira une Maison d’Église ». Genève : ECR.
  10. AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE. (s. d.). Nizamuddin Urban Renewal Initiative. New Delhi : Aga Khan Trust for Culture.
  11. FONDATION DU PATRIMOINE. (s. d.). Chapelle Notre-Dame de Réconciliation à Lille. Paris : Fondation du patrimoine.

Built religious heritage is part of the architectural and cultural memory of territories. Its conservation must today respond to changing uses, safety, accessibility and comfort requirements, as well as changes affecting religious practices and social life. The issue is therefore no longer limited to preserving the material characteristics of an old building, but also involves determining how it can evolve so that it can continue to be used without losing the values attributed to it. This article presents a literature review of the different ways of intervening in built religious heritage when it must respond to contemporary requirements. The review first examines the notion of built heritage and the main requirements that may influence its evolution. It then considers several existing forms of heritage intervention and compares a number of reference projects. The review shows that these interventions do not rely on a single solution. Choices depend in particular on the condition of the building, its heritage characteristics, its uses and the constraints it must address. Adaptation therefore requires a balance between the preservation of the existing building and the transformations necessary to maintain its use. The state of the art nevertheless reveals several limitations. Research often focuses on the religious building considered individually, whereas some buildings form part of larger complexes comprising other buildings and outdoor spaces. In addition, many of the interventions examined concern built religious heritage that is no longer in active use. Furthermore, the literature reviewed appears to be more strongly structured around urban and, to a lesser extent, rural contexts, while intermediate situations, particularly semi-rural territories undergoing transformation, are less clearly documented.

Keywords : Built Heritage; Religious Heritage; Heritage Intervention; Restoration; Rehabilitation; Adaptation; Contemporary Requirements; Architecture.

Paper Submission Last Date
31 - October - 2026

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