Authors :
Ansh Tak; Shivom Makwana; Manish Patel; Riddhesh Yagnik
Volume/Issue :
Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 4 - April
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/mry5v67s
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/2rd66e53
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR1464
Abstract :
With the advent of global warming and rapid
incentivization of electric vehicles being manufactured,
research on new and efficient models of the same
becomes highly imperative to offer innovative solutions
to fundamental issues that limit the market penetration.
The current Indian Electric Two-wheeler (E2W)
segment utilizes limited motor technologies pertaining to
the need of permanent magnets. This work aims to
reduce this need by investigating the use of the
Asynchronous AC motor as an alternative to magnet
motors and experiment with their respective drive
system for feasibility of operation. The study proves the
hypothesis of a more efficient and cost friendly
alternative for an E2W powertrain.
Keywords :
Electric Two-Wheeler, Battery Powered Bike, Asynchronous Motor, Electric Powertrain, 3-phase AC Drive.
References :
- Jin, C. (2023). Current Status and Prospects of Electric Motor Applications for Electric Vehicles. Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology, 37, 196-201. https://doi.org/10.54097/hset.v37i.6074
- El Hadraoui H, Zegrari M, Chebak A, Laayati O, Guennouni N. A Multi-Criteria Analysis and Trends of Electric Motors for Electric Vehicles. World Electric Vehicle Journal. 2022; 13(4):65. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj13040065
- Kudale S., Diyewar P., Vele N. Design and Analysis of Electric Bike Chassis. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7, 309-311. https://www.pccoer.com/NAAC/CR-3/3.3.1/99.%202019-20mech15.pdf
- Rakhimov E., Khoshimo D., Sultonov S., Jamoldinov F., Imyaminov A., Omonov B. Battery technologies: Exploring different types of batteries for energy storage. BIO Web of Conferences, 84 05034 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248405034
- Ji, D., Kim, J. Trend of Developing Aqueous Liquid and Gel Electrolytes for Sustainable, Safe, and High-Performance Li-Ion Batteries. Nano-Micro Lett. 16, 2 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01220-4
- Sahana, K.M., Keerthi, T.G., Gouthami, Y. et al. Design, Modelling and Parametric Analysis of a BLDC Motor in E-Bike to Predict Torque Range. Russ. Electr. Engin. 94, 129–137 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068371223020098
- A PhD Synopsis by Mayank Pratap Singh, “Parameter Estimation of Three Phase Induction Motor: An Innovative Approach”
- V. B. Honsinger, "Sizing Equations for Electrical Machinery," in IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. EC-2, no. 1, pp. 116-121, March 1987, doi: 10.1109/TEC.1987.4765812.
- Camargos, P.H., Caetano, R.E. A performance study of a high-torque induction motor designed for light electric vehicles applications. Electr Eng 104, 797–805 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-021-01331-4
- Kwon, S.O. & Lee, J.J. & Lee, B.H. & Kim, J.H. & Ha, K.H. & Hong, J.P.. (2009). Loss Distribution of Three-Phase Induction Motor and BLDC Motor According to Core Materials and Operating. Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on. 45. 4740 - 4743. 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2022749.
- C. Ulu, O. Korman and G. Kömürgöz, "Electromagnetic and thermal analysis/design of an induction motor for electric vehicles," 2017 8th International Conference on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (ICMAE), Prague, Czech Republic, 2017, pp. 6-10, doi: 10.1109/ICMAE.2017.8038607.
- Shams Ghahfarokhi P, Podgornovs A, Cardoso AJM, Kallaste A, Belahcen A, Vaimann T. Hairpin Windings for Electric Vehicle Motors: Modeling and Investigation of AC Loss-Mitigating Approaches. Machines. 2022; 10(11):1029. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10111029
- Madhavan S, P B RD, Gundabattini E, Mystkowski A. Thermal Analysis and Heat Management Strategies for an Induction Motor, a Review. Energies. 2022; 15(21):8127. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15218127
- Igors Ušakovs, Donatas Mishkinis, Ilya A. Galkin, Alexander Bubovich, Andrejs Podgornovs, Experimental thermal characterization of the in-wheel electric motor with loop heat pipe thermal management system, Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, Volume 47, 2023, 103069, ISSN 2214-157X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2023.103069.
- Gulbahce, M. O., Lordoglu, A., Kocabas, D. A., 2023. Increasing the performance of high-speed solid rotor induction motor by plunge type electrical discharge machining. Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering 23 (1), 79-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4316/AECE.2023.01009
- Chengling Lu, Zebin Yang, Xiaodong Sun & Qifeng Ding (2023) Modelling and optimization for a special pole bearingless induction motor, Engineering Optimization, 55:10, 1704-1722, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0305215X.2022.2109629
- Hadi, A., et al.: Sizing and detailed design procedure of external rotor synchronous reluctance machine. IET Electr. Power Appl. 13(8), 1105–1113 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2018.5802
- X. D. Xue, K. W. E. Cheng, T. W. Ng and N. C. Cheung, "Multi-Objective Optimization Design of In-Wheel Switched Reluctance Motors in Electric Vehicles," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. 9, pp. 2980-2987, Sept. 2010, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2051390.
- Moradi CheshmehBeigi, H., Behroozi, L. Analytical design, electromagnetic field analysis and parametric sensitivity analysis of an external rotor permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor. Electr Eng 102, 1947–1957 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-020-01006-6
- Mansouri, Ali, Smairi, Nadia, and Trabelsi, Hafedh. ‘Multi-objective Optimization of an In-wheel Electric Vehicle Motor’. International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 449-465, 2016. 10.3233/JAE-150125
- A PhD Synopsis by Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy, K, “Certain investigations on VSI fed induction motor drives” http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14146/1901
- Begh, Mirza & Herzog, Hans-Georg. (2018). Comparison of Field Oriented Control and Direct Torque Control. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.21677.59360/1
- Brahim, Gasbaoui & Chaker, Abdelkader & Laoufi, Abdellah & Allaoua, Boumediene & Nasri, Abdelfatah. (2011). The Efficiency of Direct Torque Control for Electric Vehicle Behavior Improvement. Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering. 8. https://doi.org/10.2298/SJEE1102127G
- Jun-Koo Kang and S. -K. Sul, "New direct torque control of induction motor for minimum torque ripple and constant switching frequency," in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 1076-1082, Sept.-Oct. 1999, doi: 10.1109/28.793368.
- Research of electric vehicle on-board controller based on inverter time division multiplexing by Kai Zhou; Yang Liu; Ningzhi Jin; Dongyang Sun. International Journal of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles (IJEHV), Vol. 14, No. 1/2, 2022 https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEHV.2022.125264
- Kang, D.K., Kim, M.S. Determination of the road load on electric two-wheelers using the torque-current relationship of the drive motor. J Mech Sci Technol 30, 4023–4029 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-016-0815-0
With the advent of global warming and rapid
incentivization of electric vehicles being manufactured,
research on new and efficient models of the same
becomes highly imperative to offer innovative solutions
to fundamental issues that limit the market penetration.
The current Indian Electric Two-wheeler (E2W)
segment utilizes limited motor technologies pertaining to
the need of permanent magnets. This work aims to
reduce this need by investigating the use of the
Asynchronous AC motor as an alternative to magnet
motors and experiment with their respective drive
system for feasibility of operation. The study proves the
hypothesis of a more efficient and cost friendly
alternative for an E2W powertrain.
Keywords :
Electric Two-Wheeler, Battery Powered Bike, Asynchronous Motor, Electric Powertrain, 3-phase AC Drive.