Authors : Mustaq Shaikh; Farjana Birajdar

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 6 - June

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/37d77e6w

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25jun376

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Maharashtra's 36 districts face mounting challenges in groundwater and climate resource management, characterized by widespread groundwater depletion, increasing frequency of extreme weather events, and the absence of real-time, integrated monitoring systems. This research aims to design and propose a centralized, AI-enabled, and IoT- integrated groundwater and climate monitoring framework tailored to the hydro-climatic diversity of the state. The methodology follows a phased approach: (i) high-resolution data collection through ground-based sensors—piezometers for groundwater levels, automated weather stations (AWS) for meteorological data, and in-situ soil moisture probes; (ii) integration of satellite remote sensing data including NDVI, IMERG, and SMAP products; (iii) seamless real-time data transmission via IoT-enabled devices and cloud infrastructure; (iv) advanced analytics using AI and machine learning algorithms for forecasting droughts, flood risks, and potential recharge zones; and (v) visualization and decision support through GIS-based dashboards at the Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency (GSDA) Headquarters, Pune. The study reveals stark spatial disparities—such as recurrent droughts in Marathwada, erratic rainfall in Vidarbha, coastal flooding in Konkan, and groundwater over-extraction in Western Maharashtra—underscoring the limitations of the current fragmented and outdated monitoring systems. The proposed integrated model demonstrates significant improvement in predictive accuracy, early warning capability, and district-specific resource management. The results confirm the scalability, adaptability, and transformative potential of this AI-powered system as a replicable blueprint for sustainable water governance across Maharashtra and other climate-vulnerable regions in India.

Keywords : Artificial Intelligence; Climate Monitoring; Groundwater Management; IoT Sensor Networks; Remote Sensing.

References :

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2. Farjana Birajdar and Mustaq Shaikh. Groundwater Exploration and Assessment in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of Basaltic Terrain of Solapur: Lessons Learned and Future Prospects. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) (2024):  pp. 2763-2776.       https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR2344
3. Mustaq Shaikh, Farjana Birajdar. (2024). Advancing Sustainable Water Management in Solapur through Continuous Groundwater Monitoring with Piezometers and Automatic Water Level Recorders: Insights from the Atal Bhujal Yojana. International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management, 7(3), pp. 16-24. https://zenodo.org/records/10805308
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