Sterilization and Disinfection in Dentistry: A Systematic Review


Authors : Dr. Yogini Shekhawat; Dr. Manu Bansal; Dr. Parul Verma; Dr. Harshita Shekhawat; Dr. Aishwarya Sankaranarayanan; Dr. Shrishti Jindal

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 11 - November

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/yenpywt7

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/9r9cjpw4

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25nov1030

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Abstract : This systematic review explores recent advancements in sterilization and disinfection practices in dentistry, underscoring their critical role in infection control. Conventional techniques—such as autoclaving, dry heat sterilization, and chemical disinfection—have long been the cornerstone of dental hygiene but face challenges including limited biofilm efficacy, instrument degradation, and toxicity risks. Emerging technologies offer promising alternatives: plasma sterilization and cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) enable low-temperature, residue-free sterilization; ozone-based systems provide eco-friendly disinfection; nanotechnology introduces long-lasting antimicrobial agents; and artificial intelligence (AI) ensures protocol compliance through real-time monitoring. While these innovations enhance microbial efficacy, reduce toxicity, and align with updated CDC guidelines, their adoption is hindered by high costs, infrastructure demands, and a need for standardized protocols. The review highlights the need for wider implementation, professional training, and regulatory harmonization to ensure optimal infection control and patient safety in dental practice.

Keywords : Dental Sterilization, Disinfection Techniques, Infection Control in Dentistry, Plasma Sterilization, Biofilm Elimination, Dental Instrument Decontamination.

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This systematic review explores recent advancements in sterilization and disinfection practices in dentistry, underscoring their critical role in infection control. Conventional techniques—such as autoclaving, dry heat sterilization, and chemical disinfection—have long been the cornerstone of dental hygiene but face challenges including limited biofilm efficacy, instrument degradation, and toxicity risks. Emerging technologies offer promising alternatives: plasma sterilization and cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) enable low-temperature, residue-free sterilization; ozone-based systems provide eco-friendly disinfection; nanotechnology introduces long-lasting antimicrobial agents; and artificial intelligence (AI) ensures protocol compliance through real-time monitoring. While these innovations enhance microbial efficacy, reduce toxicity, and align with updated CDC guidelines, their adoption is hindered by high costs, infrastructure demands, and a need for standardized protocols. The review highlights the need for wider implementation, professional training, and regulatory harmonization to ensure optimal infection control and patient safety in dental practice.

Keywords : Dental Sterilization, Disinfection Techniques, Infection Control in Dentistry, Plasma Sterilization, Biofilm Elimination, Dental Instrument Decontamination.

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Paper Submission Last Date
30 - November - 2025

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