Authors :
Archana Soni; Dr. Nitendra Kumar Verma
Volume/Issue :
Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 12 - December
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/zh9z68b6
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/myzs7kwn
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14554715
Abstract :
This paper explores the dual roles of working
and non working women in the society , analyzing their
unique challenges, shared struggles, and significant
contributions. Working women face obstacles such as
workplace discrimination, gender based pay gaps, and
work life balance issues. While non working women
grapple with the under valuation of unpaid domestic
labour, financial dependency and social isolation. Despite
these hurdles both groups play vital roles in economic
growth, cultural preservation and social progress. The
research underscores the need for systems reforms,
inclusive policies and social recognition of women’s
diverse contributions to foster gender equality .
Keywords :
Working Women, Non Working Women, Gender Roles, Workplace Discrimination, Unpaid Labour, Gender Equality, Social Perceptions, Empowerment, Economic Contributions.
References :
- Becker, G. A Treatise on the Family. Harvard University Press. 1991.
- Blau, F.D., & Kahn, L.M. The Gender Wage Gap Extent, Trends and Explanations . Journal of Economic Literature . 2017.
- Folbre, N. The Invisible Heart : Economics and Family Values . The New Press. 2001.
- International Labour Organization. World Employment and Social Outlook: Trends for Women. 2021.
- Kabeer, N. Resources, Agency, Achievements, Reflections on the Measurement of Women’s Empowerment. Development and Change. 1999.
- Un Women. Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment United Nations Publications. 2020.
- World Economic Forum. Global Gender Gap Report. 2022.
This paper explores the dual roles of working
and non working women in the society , analyzing their
unique challenges, shared struggles, and significant
contributions. Working women face obstacles such as
workplace discrimination, gender based pay gaps, and
work life balance issues. While non working women
grapple with the under valuation of unpaid domestic
labour, financial dependency and social isolation. Despite
these hurdles both groups play vital roles in economic
growth, cultural preservation and social progress. The
research underscores the need for systems reforms,
inclusive policies and social recognition of women’s
diverse contributions to foster gender equality .
Keywords :
Working Women, Non Working Women, Gender Roles, Workplace Discrimination, Unpaid Labour, Gender Equality, Social Perceptions, Empowerment, Economic Contributions.